The Covid effect translated into GDP per capita growth -annual %- (US)

The bullwhip effect is a supply chain concept ; small fluctuations in demand can have a larger fluctuations at the end of the chain.

The effect is named after the physics involved in cracking a whip.

When the person holding the whip snaps their wrist, the relatively small movement causes the whip’s wave patterns to increasingly amplify in a chain reaction.

The less resilience a country has, the more that country experiences the effects of change.